Douglas B-18 Bolo

Douglas B-18 Bolo
Ország	Usa
Szerepet	Közepes bombázó
Termelt	1935. április
Beépített	350

A Douglas B-18 Bolo is an American medium bomber which served with the United States Army Air Corps and the Royal Canadian Air Force (as the Digby) during the late 1930s and early 1940s. The Bolo was built by the Douglas Aircraft Company, based on its DC-2, and was developed to replace the Martin B-10. By 1940, it was considered to be underpowered, to have inadequate defensive armament, and to carry too small a bomb load. Many were destroyed during the attacks on Pearl Harbor and the Philippines in December 1941.

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B-18 Bolo Walk Around
Fotós	Benolkin Mihály
Lokalizáció	Ismeretlen
Fénykép	19

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General Characteristics and Role

The Douglas B-18 Bolo was a medium bomber aircraft developed for the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) in the mid-1930s. It was derived from the successful Douglas DC-2 civilian airliner, representing a cost-effective and conservative design choice during a period of tight military budgets. The B-18 won a major USAAC competition against the more advanced Boeing Model 299 (the prototype for the B-17 Flying Fortress) primarily due to its lower cost and commonality with existing commercial parts. By the time the U.S. entered World War II, the Bolo was already obsolete as a combat bomber. It served a crucial role in the early weeks of the war in the Pacific, but was quickly relegated to anti-submarine patrol and transport duties, notably with the extensively modified B-18B variant.

Property	Typical Value (B-18A)
Szerepet	Medium Bomber / Anti-Submarine Patrol
National Origin	Egyesült Államok
Gyártó	Douglas Aircraft Company
First Flight	27 July 1935
Legénység	6 (Pilot, Co-pilot, Navigator/Bombardier, Radio Operator, 2 Gunners)
Hossza	17.63 m (57 ft 10 in)
Szárnyfesztávolsága	27.28 m (89 ft 6 in)
Magasság	4.62 m (15 ft 2 in)
Empty Weight	7,400 kg (16,320 lb)
Max Takeoff Weight	12,500 kg (27,600 lb)

Powerplant and Performance

Engines: 2 x Wright R-1820-53 Cyclone nine-cylinder, air-cooled radial engines.
Power Output (Each): 710 kW (950 hp).
Maximum Speed: 346 km/h (215 mph; 187 kn).
Cruise Speed: 269 km/h (167 mph; 145 kn).
Range: 2,100 km (1,300 mi; 1,100 nmi).
Service Ceiling: 7,300 m (23,900 ft).

Armament and Key Variants

Defensive Armament: 3 x .30 in (7.62 mm) Browning machine guns (one in the nose turret, one dorsal turret, and one ventral hatch).
Bomb Load: Up to 2,000 kg (4,400 lb) carried internally in the fuselage bomb bay.
Major Variants:
- B-18: Original production version (133 built).
- B-18A: Main production version with improved engines and a redesigned nose (217 built).
- B-18B: Anti-submarine variant featuring a large SCR-521 radar dome under the nose, a magnetic anomaly detector (MAD) tail boom, and often depth charges instead of bombs. Over 120 were converted to this role.
Service History: Bolo aircraft based in the Philippines and Hawaii were among the first U.S. aircraft damaged or destroyed during the initial Japanese attacks in December 1941.