Thomas E. Ricks - Los Generales

Los generales: el comando militar estadounidense desde la Segunda Guerra Mundial hasta hoy

Género : Historia

Temas: Comando de tropas, Historia militar, Historia, Generales, Estudios de caso
Problema: 29/10/2012
Editor:
Editor: Penguin Press HC, el
Formato: Tapa dura
Páginas: 576
Idioma: en
Dimensiones: 9,45 x 6,54 x 1,73 pulgadas
ISBN-10 : 9781594204043
ASIN : 1594204047
"From the #1 bestselling author of "Fiasco "and "The Gamble", an epic history of the decline of American military leadership from World War II to Iraq" History has been kind to the American generals of World War II—Marshall, Eisenhower, Patton, and Bradley—and less kind to the generals of the wars that followed. In "The Generals", Thomas E. Ricks sets out to explain why that is. In part it is the story of a widening gulf between performance and accountability. During the Second World War, scores of American generals were relieved of command simply for not being good enough. Today, as one American colonel said bitterly during the Iraq War, “As matters stand now, a private who loses a rifle suffers far greater consequences than a general who loses a war.” In "The Generals "we meet great leaders and suspect ones, generals who rose to the occasion and those who failed themselves and their soldiers. Marshall and Eisenhower cast long shadows over this story, as does the less familiar Marine General O. P. Smith, whose fighting retreat from the Chinese onslaught into Korea in the winter of 1950 snatched a kind of victory from the jaws of annihilation. But Korea also showed the first signs of an army leadership culture that neither punished mediocrity nor particularly rewarded daring. In the Vietnam War, the problem grew worse until, finally, American military leadership bottomed out. The My Lai massacre, Ricks shows us, is the emblematic event of this dark chapter of our history. In the wake of Vietnam a battle for the soul of the U.S. Army was waged with impressive success. It became a transformed institution, reinvigorated from the bottom up. But if the body was highly toned, its head still suffered from familiar problems, resulting in tactically savvy but strategically obtuse leadership that would win battles but end wars badly from the first Iraq War of 1990 through to the present. Ricks has made a close study of America’s military leaders for three decades, and in his hands this story resounds with larger meaning: about the transmission of values, about strategic thinking, and about the difference between an organization that learns and one that fails.
Thomas E. Ricks - Los Generales
Cuando George Marshall encabezó el Ejército de los Estados Unidos en la Segunda Guerra Mundial, los generales fueron despedidos con frecuencia. No han sido mucho desde entonces, escribe Ricks, un fenómeno que conecta con las conclusiones estratégicamente insatisfactorias de las guerras posteriores en Corea, Vietnam, Irak y Afganistán. Ricks era un periodista de asuntos militares, y su crítica a la invasión de Irak (Fiasco, 2006) se hace eco en esta encuesta de los niveles más altos del ejército desde la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Diagnostica que el problema de los altos mandos es bueno para organizar operaciones de combate, pero terrible para convertir victorias tácticas en éxitos de guerra. Señala varias causas de la situación. Una ha sido la lentitud de los generales entrenados en batallas a balón parado para adaptarse a la guerra de insurgencia. Otro ha sido, argumenta Ricks, la marginación de oficiales inconformistas, valores atípicos en hábitos personales o en sus posiciones poco ortodoxas en los debates internos del ejército sobre la doctrina estratégica. Casos individuales, como los de Maxwell Taylor y William Westmoreland, avivan su evaluación negativa del liderazgo del ejército, que unifica instando como remedio a un renacimiento de los métodos de Marshall para promover y destituir a los generales. La prominencia de Ricks más la promoción del editor debería equivaler a un título de alto perfil. –Gilbert Taylor

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