SU-85 | |
|---|---|
| Country | Soviet Union |
| Type | Self-propelled gun |
| Description | Album of 35 photos walk-around of a «SU-85» |
Galleria fotografica di un SU-85, The SU-85 Il è un cacciacarri sovietico basato sul telaio del T-34 e del SU-122, con un totale di 2.329 veicoli prodotti dall'agosto 1943 all'ottobre 1944, e 638 dei SU-122 costruiti dal dicembre 1942 all'agosto 1943.
fonte: Il mondo dei carri armati
| SU-85 Passeggia | |
|---|---|
| Fotografo | Inconsapevole |
| Localizzazione | Inconsapevole |
| Foto | 16 |
Vedi anche:
Le SU-85 was a Soviet tank destroyer (or self-propelled gun, SAU) developed and used during World War II. It was conceived as a rapid response to the appearance of new, heavily armored German tanks—particularly the Tiger I—which the standard Soviet T-34’s 76.2 mm gun struggled to defeat at safe combat ranges.
The SU-85 was essentially a heavily modified T-34 chassis that mounted a powerful new high-velocity gun in a fixed, armored casemate structure.
Development and Design
- Basis: The SU-85 was built on the chassis of the highly successful **T-34 medium tank**. This gave it excellent speed, mobility, and reliability, as well as simplified production and maintenance due to parts commonality.
- Armamento: The primary weapon was the **85 mm D-5S high-velocity anti-tank gun**. This gun provided a significant increase in penetration power over the standard 76.2 mm tank gun, capable of defeating the frontal armor of the Tiger I at moderate distances.
- Casemate Structure: Instead of a rotating turret, the SU-85 featured a fixed, angled casemate superstructure with the gun mounted slightly off-center. This arrangement simplified manufacturing and allowed for a larger gun to be mounted than would fit in the T-34’s turret.
- Limited Traverse: The fixed mounting meant the gun had a limited traverse (only 10 degrees left and right), requiring the entire vehicle to be turned to engage targets outside this arc. This made it best suited for ambush and defensive roles.
- Protezione: The armor protection was similar to that of the T-34 medium tank, with a heavily sloped casemate front.
Operational History and Legacy
- Service Entry: The SU-85 began production and entered service with the Red Army in mid-1943, playing a vital role in the battles that followed the Battle of Kursk.
- Ruolo: It was primarily intended for **anti-tank duties**, operating from concealed positions to ambush German armor. It was organized into self-propelled artillery regiments and provided a much-needed increase in firepower.
- Supersession: The life of the SU-85 as a front-line tank destroyer was relatively short. The success of the 85 mm gun led Soviet designers to fit it into a modified turret on the T-34 chassis, creating the highly effective **T-34/85 medium tank**.
- Replacement: It was subsequently replaced on the production lines by the much more powerful **SU-100**, which mounted a 100 mm D-10S gun and offered superior anti-tank capability for the late stages of the war.
The SU-85’s most significant contribution was serving as the **critical interim solution** that restored the Red Army’s anti-tank parity with the German forces during a pivotal phase of the Eastern Front.
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