Bristol Beaufighter | |
|---|---|
| Kraju | Uk |
| Roli | Ciężki myśliwiec / samolot szturmowy |
| Pierwsza mucha | 17 lipca 1939 r. |
| Zbudowany | 5928 |
Tthe Bristol Typ 156 Beaufighter (często określane po prostu jako "Beau") jest wielozadaniowym samolotem opracowanym podczas II wojny światowej przez Bristol Airplane Company w Wielkiej Brytanii. Pierwotnie był pomyślany jako ciężki wariant myśliwca bombowca Bristol Beaufort. Po wejściu do służby, Beaufighter okazał się dobrze dopasowany do roli nocnego myśliwca, dla którego Royal Air Force (RAF) początkowo rozmieszczał ten typ w szczycie bitwy o Anglię, częściowo ze względu na jego duże rozmiary, co pozwoliło mu pomieścić zarówno ciężkie uzbrojenie, jak i wczesny radar przechwytywania w powietrzu bez większych kar za wyniki.
Źródła: Beaufighter na Wikipedii
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Development and Design
The Bristol Type 156 Beaufighter, often simply called the “Beau,” was a heavy, multi-role aircraft developed by the Bristol Aeroplane Company during World War II. It was cleverly derived as a fighter variant of the earlier Bristol Beaufort torpedo bomber, which sped up its design and production. This twin-engine, two-seat design allowed it to carry a substantial payload and heavy equipment, including early Airborne Interception (AI) radar systems.
The Beaufighter was a large, all-metal aircraft with a distinctly stubby appearance, resulting from its nose being shortened to accommodate the powerful twin **Bristol Hercules radial engines** and to adjust the center of gravity.
Primary Roles and Nicknames
Few aircraft of the war were as adaptable as the Beaufighter. It excelled in several critical missions across various theaters, including the European, Mediterranean, and Pacific fronts:
- Night Fighter: Early variants (Mk I and IIF) served as formidable night fighters, using their size to carry heavy armament and radar, successfully defending Britain during the Blitz.
- Maritime Strike: It became a potent maritime attack aircraft, particularly with Coastal Command. Armed with a torpedo, it earned the popular nickname “Torbeau” and was highly successful against Axis shipping.
- Ground Attack: Equipped with rockets, it performed devastating low-level ground attack missions, sometimes referred to as the “Rockbeau.”
Intimidating Armament
The Beaufighter was famous for its heavy and concentrated firepower. Its standard fixed armament, mounted in the lower nose section, was exceptionally potent for the era:
- Cannons: Typically four 20 mm Hispano cannons, giving it a concentrated “punch” unparalleled by many contemporary fighters.
- Machine Guns: Various models also carried several machine guns in the wings or a defensive machine gun for the observer/navigator in the rear cockpit.
- External Stores: It could carry bombs, depth charges, unguided rockets, or an 18-inch torpedo, depending on the mission variant.
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