| Flak 36-37 88 mm | |
|---|---|
| Land | Duitsland |
| Type | Het Kanon van Flak |
| Beschrijving | Album 28 foto's walk-around du canon Flak 36-37 88 mm |
Galerie foto sur un canon Flak 36-37 88mm, Le canon de Flak 36-37 88 mm est une pièce d'artillerie anti-aérienne allemande employée lors de la seconde guerre mondiale.
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Development and Role
The German 88 mm gun is perhaps the most iconic artillery piece of World War II, renowned for its versatility and effectiveness against both aircraft and tanks. Designed by Krupp in the late 1920s in Sweden (to bypass the Treaty of Versailles), it entered service as the Flak 18, which was later improved into the Flak 36 and Flak 37 variants.
- Primary Role: Anti-aircraft (AA) gun for high-altitude air defense.
- Secondary Role: Gained legendary status as an anti-tank (AT) weapon, proving capable of destroying virtually any Allied tank at long range, including the heavy Soviet KV-1 and KV-2 tanks, and later inspiring the main gun for the Tiger I tank (the 8.8 cm KwK 36).
- Varianten:
- Flak 36: Introduced a redesigned carriage (the Sonderanhänger 202) that allowed faster emplacement and dual-purpose barrel sections for easier replacement. It was the most common variant.
- Flak 37: An updated Flak 36 featuring a more sophisticated data transmission system (Übertragungser 37) primarily for AA fire control, making it less frequently used in the anti-tank role.
Technical Features
The gun’s success in the anti-tank role stemmed from its high muzzle velocity—necessary for the anti-aircraft role—which gave its armor-piercing shells tremendous penetrative power. Its unique cruciform (cross-shaped) mounting platform allowed for a full 360° traverse and a gun depression down to -3°, an uncommon feature for AA guns that was essential for ground combat.
- Mounting: Fired from a cruciform mount with four outriggers for stability, which could be set up in about two minutes. The gun was towed on two detachable bogies (carriages).
- Ammunition: Used fixed QF 88×571mmR shells, including High Explosive (HE) for air targets and Armor-Piercing Composite Rigid (APCR) and standard AP shells for ground targets.
- Firing Mechanism: Employed a horizontal semi-automatic sliding block breech, contributing to its high rate of fire.
Specifications (Flak 36)
Key Specifications (Flak 36)
| Characteristic | Specificatie |
|---|---|
| Country of Origin | Nazi-Duitsland |
| Kaliber | 88 mm (3.46 in) |
| Mass (Combat) | 7,407 kg (16,330 lb) |
| Barrel Length | 4.938 m (L/56 calibers) |
| Elevation Range | -3° to +85° |
| Traverse | 360° |
| Rate of Fire | 15–20 rounds per minute |
| Muzzle Velocity | ~820 m/s (HE shell) |
| Max Ceiling (AA) | 9,900 m (32,500 ft) effective |
| Bemanning | 10 |
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