М10 Росомаха | |
|---|---|
| Платить | Сша |
| Категорі | Бронетехніка |
| Тип | Танковий есмінець |
Фотогалерея на M10 Wolverine, М10 Росомаха était un chasseur de char américain utilisé pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Ce véhicule blindé voit sa construction débuter dans le courant de l’année 1942 en portant l’appellation officielle de «affût automoteur». Les chars Шерман en activité ayant des capacités anti-char très faibles l’armée américaine décida de doter leurs unités blindées de véhicules spécialisés dans la lutte antichar imitant ainsi les Allemands avec leus chasseurs de chars. Le М10 Росомаха reprend le bas de caisse et le train de roulement du Sherman, seules la tourelle et sa superstructure différent. Le canon de 76mm2 employé était un bon canon mais pas assez puissant par contre pour attaquer correctement les blindages des chars lourds allemands. Les Britanniques ont adaptés à leur convenance leurs unités M10 et leur donnèrent le nom d’Achilles ainsi que quelques fois le surnom de Wolverine.
Джерело: M10 Росомаха у Вікіпедії
| M10 Wolverine – WalkAround | |
|---|---|
| Фотограф | Незнай |
| Локалізацією | Незнай |
| Фото | 25 |
| M10 Tank Destroyer Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Фотограф | Незнай |
| Локалізацією | Незнай |
| Фото | 45 |
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The M10 Gun Motor Carriage, often referred to as the M10 Tank Destroyer, was the most numerous and significant U.S. tank destroyer of World War II. Developed on a modified M4 Sherman chassis, it adhered to the U.S. Tank Destroyer Doctrine, which prioritized high velocity, mobility, and ambush tactics over heavy armor protection.
Design and Doctrine
The Tank Destroyer Concept
- Primary Role: To act as a mobile reserve force, rapidly deploying to ambush and destroy breakthroughs by enemy armored columns.
- Key Principle: Speed and a powerful anti-tank gun were chosen as the primary defense, rather than thick armor, to engage enemy tanks at a distance and then relocate quickly.
- Open-Topped Turret: The distinctive open turret design provided excellent visibility for the crew, which was crucial for target acquisition and situational awareness in the ambush role, but left the crew vulnerable to artillery, mortars, and snipers.
Features and Variants
- Chassis: It utilized the reliable hull and Vertical Volute Spring Suspension (VVSS) of the M4 Sherman medium tank (primarily the M4A2 diesel variant for the M10, and the M4A3 gasoline variant for the M10A1).
- Armament: It mounted the high-velocity 3-inch (76.2 mm) Gun M7, which was an effective weapon against most contemporary German tanks like the Panzer III and Panzer IV, but struggled against the thick frontal armor of the late-war Tiger and Panther tanks.
- Counterweight: The heavy M7 gun necessitated large, wedge-shaped counterweights on the rear of the turret to improve balance and assist the manual turret traverse.
Service History and Nicknames
Оперативне використання
- Debut: The M10 first saw combat with U.S. forces in North Africa during the Tunisian Campaign in March 1943.
- Lend-Lease: Large numbers were supplied to Allied nations, including the United Kingdom, Canada, and the Free French forces.
- British Service: The British replaced the original 3-inch gun with their highly effective Ordnance QF 17-pounder anti-tank gun, creating the potent conversion known as the Ахіллес.
- Nickname: Though unofficially nicknamed “Wolverine,” this name was primarily used in promotional materials; U.S. troops simply referred to the vehicle as a “TD” (Tank Destroyer).
Technical Specifications (3-inch Gun Motor Carriage M10)
General Characteristics
| Specification | Detail |
|---|---|
| Тип | Tank Destroyer / Gun Motor Carriage |
| команда | 5 (Commander, Gunner, Loader, Driver, Assistant Driver) |
| Mass (Combat) | Approx. 29.6 tonnes (65,200 lb) |
| Length (Gun Forward) | 6.83 m (22 ft 5 in) |
| Ширина | 3.05 m (10 ft 0 in) |
| зріст | 2.90 m (9 ft 6 in) over AAMG |
Armament and Protection
| Component | Detail |
|---|---|
| Основне озброєння | 1 x 3-inch (76.2 mm) Gun M7 |
| Ammunition Capacity | 54 rounds |
| Другорядне озброєння | 1 x .50 caliber (12.7 mm) Browning M2HB machine gun |
| Maximum Hull Armor | 38 mm (1.5 in) at 55 degrees (Upper Front) |
| Turret Front Armor | 57.2 mm (2.25 in) (Gun Shield) |
Mobility and Powerplant
| Component | Detail |
|---|---|
| Engine (M10) | General Motors 6046 twin diesel (2x inline 6 cylinder) |
| Engine Power (M10) | 375 hp (280 kW) at 2,100 rpm (Net) |
| Максимальна швидкість | Up to 48 km/h (30 mph) on road |
| Підвіски | Vertical Volute Spring Suspension (VVSS) |
| Робочий діапазон | Approx. 320 km (200 mi) |
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