菲亚特CR.32 – 照片和视频

照片库的 菲亚特 CR.32, The Fiat CR.32 was an Italian biplane fighter used in the Spanish Civil War and World War II. It was compact, robust and highly manoeuvrable and gave impressive displays all over Europe in the hands of the Italian Pattuglie Acrobatiche. The CR.32 fought in North and East Africa, in Albania, and in the Mediterranean theatre. It saw service in the air forces of China, Austria, Hungary, Paraguay and Venezuela. Used extensively in the Spanish Civil War, it gained a reputation as one of the most outstanding fighter biplanes of all time. Subsequently it was overtaken by more advanced monoplane designs and was obsolete by 1939.

源： 菲亚特CR.32在维基

The Fiat CR.32 was a biplane fighter aircraft designed by Celestino Rosatelli and produced by Fiat Aviazione in Italy in the 1930s. It was one of the most successful Italian fighters of the interwar period, and saw action in several conflicts, including the Spanish Civil War and the Second World War.
The CR.32 was derived from the earlier CR.30, which had a similar structure of metal tubes covered with fabric. The CR.32 had a smaller wing span and a more powerful Fiat A.30.RA engine, which gave it a top speed of 375 km/h. The plane was armed with two 12.7 mm or 7.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns, and could carry 12 anti-personnel bombs.
CR.32具有高度的机动性和敏捷性，在特技飞行表演中表现良好。飞行员也对其坚固性和可靠性表示赞赏。第一架原型机于1933年4月首飞，第一个生产订单来自中国，中国在16年购买了1933架飞机。然而，到 1935 年只交付了九架，他们与日本入侵作战。
CR.32的主要用户是意大利，意大利在1935年订购了282架飞机，其次是283架改进的CR.32bis变体，该变体具有600马力的发动机和更好的武器。还生产了CR.32ter和CR.32quater变体，进行了轻微的修改和升级。CR.32quater是最终版本，出口到巴拉圭，委内瑞拉，匈牙利和奥地利。
The most famous use of the CR.32 was in the Spanish Civil War, where it formed the backbone of the Nationalist air force and the Italian volunteer corps. A total of 377 CR.32s were deployed in Spain, where they achieved more than 300 victories against the Republican forces. The CR.32 also saw action in East Africa, where it faced British biplanes.
The CR.32 was gradually replaced by more modern fighters, such as the CR-42, as the Second World War progressed. However, some planes remained in service until 1957, mainly for training and acrobatic purposes. The CR.32 was also built under license in Spain as the Hispano HA-132-L Chirri, which was exported to China, Hungary and some South American countries.