彼得·利布 - 韦尔科斯1944年:法国阿尔卑斯山的抵抗

韦科尔1944年:法国阿尔卑斯山的抵抗运动

类型 : 历史

科目: 历史, 军事, 第二次世界大战
问题: 17/12/2012
编辑 器:
出版商: 鱼鹰出版
格式: 平装
页面: 96
语言:
尺寸: 9.70 x 7.20 x 0.33 英寸
伊斯BN-10 : 9781849086981
阿辛 : 1849086982
After D-Day the French resistance rose to sabotage the Nazi war effort. Germany rutghlessly assaulted a French stronghold with Fallschirmjaeger airborne troops. Fighting insurgents has always been one of the greatest challenges for regular armed forces during the 20th century. From Malaya through Algeria and Vietnam to the ongoing operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, the list is long. The war between the Germans and the French resistance, also called FFI (Forces Françaises d'Intérieur) or Maquis, during World War II has remained a near-forgotten chapter in the history of these 'Small Wars', particularly in the English-speaking world. This is all the more astonishing as agencies like the British SOE (Special Operations Executive) and the American OSS (Office of Strategic Services) pumped a good amount of their resources into the support of the French resistance movement. By diversionary attacks on German forces in the occupied hinterland the Allies hoped the FFI could provide assistance in disrupting German supply lines as well as crumbling their morale. The mountain plateau of the Vercors south-west of Grenoble was the main stronghold of the French Maquis and in July 1944 some 8,000 German soldiers mounted an operation on the plateau and destroyed the insurgent groups there. The battle of the Vercors was the largest operation against the FFI during World War II and the German's fast and crushing victory has caused traumatic memories for the French that persist to the present day. Following D-Day the FFI fully mobilised on orders given from London and posed a real threat to the German lines of communications. Operating from their sanctuaries in the mountains and armed with British and US weapons from Allied air drops, the Maquis descended into the valleys and tried to challenge the German troops of occupation. By mid-June the Germans launched a series of major counter-operations in the mountains which, carried out by the Gebirgsjäger, dispersed the French resistance from the Massif des Bauges and the French Jura. On the mountain plateau of the Vercors the FFI made the mistake of attempting to hold their ground against regular German forces, and were encircled and destroyed, accompanied by terrible reprisals against the local population. British and US liaison teams could do little to help. A month later, a similar operation put paid to the resistance on the Tarentaise. However, the Germans were too short of manpower to exploit these tactical victories and were always compelled to withdraw, letting the French resistance re-appear and take control again. German tactical victories did not translate into strategic success. By their constant harassment the FFI eventually fragmented the German forces. When after the landings at the French Riviera on 15 August 1944 US troops advanced swiftly to the north, German troops could not offer a coherent line of defence in the Alps and had to withdraw from French territory by the end of the month.
彼得·利布 - 韦尔科斯1944年:法国阿尔卑斯山的抵抗

关于作者

彼得·利布博士 是桑德赫斯特皇家军事学院战争研究系的高级讲师,也是索尔福德大学欧洲研究所的研究员。在此之前,他曾在慕尼黑时代研究所和巴黎德国历史研究所担任研究员。他拥有慕尼黑大学的博士和硕士学位。他的研究兴趣是第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战中的德国军队,以及20世纪的叛乱和反叛乱。他撰写了许多章节和文章,包括“Zwischen den Fronten。Die normannische Zivilbevölkerung während der Invasionskämpfe im Sommer 1944“ in Besatzung.Funktion und Gestalt militärischer Fremdherrschaft von der Antike bis zum 20.Jahrhundert(2006)和“镇压与屠杀。1943-1944年法国抵抗的占领者阿莱曼德面孔“,载于《1939-1945年占领与军事镇压》。欧洲占领“秩序维护”政治(2007年)。

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